Standard industrial trucks retrofitted with autonomous driving systems.
Shared responsibility between manufacturer and integrator/end-user. Basic slow-down zones.
Verified industrial tech platforms like IHS Markit or Techstreet.
AMRs differ from legacy AGVs because they dynamically navigate around obstacles rather than stopping on a fixed magnetic track. ISO 3691-4 provides the explicit framework required to safely validate path-planning algorithms.
Vehicles must be equipped with active personnel detection systems (usually safety laser scanners or 3D cameras). These scanners must feature: Iso 3691-4 Pdf
Focuses on Performance Levels (PL) for safety functions, preventing unintended restarts, and managing control-circuit failures. Core Technical Requirements
This comprehensive guide breaks down the core components of the standard, its safety requirements, and how organizations can achieve compliance. What is ISO 3691-4?
Areas with adequate space (at least 0.5 meters) between the truck and permanent structures, allowing pedestrians to walk safely alongside the vehicle.
The rapid rise of automation has made driverless industrial trucks central to modern warehousing and manufacturing. As Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) share floor space with human workers, safety is a critical priority. Verified industrial tech platforms like IHS Markit or
The full title of the standard is:
is the primary international safety standard for driverless industrial trucks , including automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and autonomous mobile robots (AMRs). It provides a comprehensive framework for manufacturers and operators to ensure these machines operate safely in industrial environments. Scope and Applications
The standard recognises that a driverless truck cannot be considered in isolation; the in which it operates is equally important. Annex A (normative) specifies requirements for the preparation of the operating zone to eliminate or mitigate hazards associated with the facility itself. Key considerations include floor conditions, clearances, lighting, signage, segregation of pedestrian and vehicle traffic, and the elimination of unexpected obstacles.
ISO 3691-4 shifts significant responsibility onto the layout of the operating facility. It classifies the operating environment into distinct zones based on the level of interaction between humans and driverless trucks: Vehicles must be equipped with active personnel detection
Clearly demarcate shared, confined, and hazard zones on your facility layout.
“Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 4: Driverless industrial trucks and their systems”
The standard does not prescribe a specific sensor technology but rather requires that the detection system be validated to achieve the required safety performance. Commonly used devices include safety laser scanners, radar, and vision‑based systems.
Protecting people from being crushed, trapped, or struck. Key Requirements for AGV and AMR Systems